New Articles from Annals of Behavioral Medicine and Translational Behavioral Medicine

SBM's two journals, Annals of Behavioral Medicine and Translational Behavioral Medicine: Practice, Policy, Research (TBM), continuously publish online articles, many of which become available before issues are printed. Two recently published Annals and TBM articles are listed below.

SBM members who have paid their 2023 membership dues are able to access the full text of all Annals and TBM online articles via the SBM website by following the steps below.

1. Go to the Members Only section of the SBM website.
2. Log in with your username and password.
3. Click on the Journals link.
4. Click on the title of the journal which you would like to electronically access.

To check your membership status, or if you are having trouble accessing the journals online, please contact the SBM national office at info@sbm.org or (414) 918-3156.

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

 

Examining Depression as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in People with HIV: A Systematic Review

Brittanny M Polanka, PhD, Samir K Gupta, MD, Kaku A So-Armah, PhD, Matthew S Freiberg, MD, MSc, Tamika C B Zapolski, PhD, Adam T Hirsh, PhD, & Jesse C Stewart, PhD

Background
People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) not fully accounted for by traditional or HIV-specific risk factors. Successful management of HIV does not eliminate this excess risk. Thus, there is a need to identify novel risk factors for CVD among people with HIV (PWH).

Purpose
Our objective was to systematically review the literature on one such candidate CVD risk factor in PWH—depression.

Methods
A systematic literature search of PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CINAHL was performed to identify published English-language studies examining associations of depression with clinical CVD, subclinical CVD, and biological mechanisms (immune activation, systemic inflammation, altered coagulation) among PWH between the earliest date and June 22, 2021.

Results
Thirty-five articles were included. For clinical CVD (k = 8), findings suggests that depression is consistently associated with an increased risk of incident CVD. For subclinical CVD (k = 5), one longitudinal analysis reported a positive association, and four cross-sectional analyses reported null associations. For immune activation (k = 13), systemic inflammation (k = 17), and altered coagulation (k = 5), findings were mixed, and there was considerable heterogeneity in sample characteristics and methodological quality across studies.

Conclusions
Depression may be an independent risk factor for CVD among PWH. Additional research is needed to confirm depression’s association with clinical CVD and to determine whether depression is consistently and meaningfully associated with subclinical CVD and biological mechanisms of CVD in HIV. We propose a research agenda for this emerging area.

 

The Role of Physical Activity in Long-term Weight Loss: 36-month Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial

Meghan L Butryn, PhD, Nicole T Crane, MS, Emily Lufburrow, BS, Charlotte J Hagerman, PhD, Evan M Forman, PhD, & Fengqing Zhang, PhD

Background
Physical activity (PA) may promote long-term weight loss, but facilitating high levels of PA in behavioral weight loss programs is challenging.

Purpose
This study reports the 36-month follow-up of a behavioral weight loss trial that tested the efficacy of increasing the emphasis on PA during treatment and using traditional or acceptance-based therapy (ABT) for this purpose. We also examined the extent to which long-term weight loss differed by PA pattern and tested if individual differences in eating behavior moderated this relationship.

Methods
Participants (N = 320) were randomized to (1) standard behavioral weight loss treatment (BT), (2) BT with a focus on PA, or (3) ABT with a focus on PA. Weight loss and PA were measured at 24- and 36-month follow-up.

Results
There were no differences between conditions in weight loss or PA at 24 or 36 months. Participants consistently engaging in high PA experienced the greatest weight losses. The positive impact of PA on weight loss was more pronounced among those with low emotional eating and those who believed that exercise did not affect their appetite.

Conclusions
Findings emphasize the difficulty of improving long-term PA among adults with overweight/obesity beyond what standard behavioral weight loss treatment achieves. This study highlights the need to develop new PA treatment strategies, and suggests that ABT for weight loss may be more effective when applied to eating behavior versus PA. Results also demonstrate the importance of addressing problematic eating behavior and cognitions to fully realize the benefits of PA for weight loss.

Check out more highly cited articles here.

Translational Behavioral Medicine: Practice, Policy, Research (TBM)

 

“It’s hard for everyone” systemic barriers to home confinement to prevent community spread of COVID-19

Vinton Omaleki, Anh V Vo, Marlene Flores, Araz Majnoonian, Tina Le, Megan Nguyen, Dawn Duong, Ashkan Hassani, Fitri C Wijaya, Patricia E Gonzalez-Zuniga, Tommi Gaines, Richard S Garfein, & Rebecca Fielding-Miller

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, home confinement (isolation and quarantine) are important public health tools to keep children learning in-person at schools. However, isolation or quarantine for young children also means that often their caregivers must also go into home confinement, as well as forcing teachers to adapt their lessons to online teaching.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to better understand what makes home confinement comfortable or difficult for students and their families.

Methods
We did focus group discussions and shared an online survey with parents and staff members from 12 elementary schools and childcare centers across San Diego County vulnerable families.

Results
Focus group participants said that mental distress and loneliness, learning loss, childcare, food, income loss, and overcrowded housing made home confinement hard to do. Also 25% of survey participants said that isolation would be difficult for a household member who tested positive or was exposed to COVID-19, and 20% were really concerned about their child’s learning loss if the family had to isolate or do quarantine.

Conclusions
Our study’s results suggest that there are serious structural issues for school families to safely go into isolation or quarantine, and because of this may make families more hesitant to get tested for COVID-19.

 

Opportunities to advance implementation science and nutrition research: a commentary on the Strategic Plan for NIH Nutrition Research

Holly L Nicastro, Susan Vorkoper, Rene Sterling, Ariella R Korn, Alison G M Brown, Padma Maruvada, & April Y Oh

While dietary guidelines have proven effective in clinical studies, most Americans do not follow these tested guidelines. More work is needed to bring research into practice so that all populations can benefit from the research. The U.S. National Institutes of Health recognizes this need and highlights it as a key opportunity in its 2020–2030 Strategic Plan for NIH Nutrition Research. This commentary describes three scientific opportunities that can help to stimulate the research needed to move research into practice, toward the ultimate goal of improving public health.